By coincidence we arrived here at the same time.

我們碰巧同時到達(dá)這兒。

It was a coincidence that he was born on his mother's birthday.

他在他母親生日那天出生，真是巧事。

What a coincidence that I was in Beijing just when you were.

真是巧合，你在北京時我也在。

[即境活用7]　　一句多譯

真巧，瑪麗也在那兒。

(1)By coincidence Mary was there too.

(2)It was a coincidence that Mary was there too.

(3)What a coincidence that Mary was there too.

8．march vi.&vt.進(jìn)軍；前進(jìn)；游行示威

n．[U]行軍；進(jìn)行；進(jìn)展；示威游行；罷工

The soldiers marched along the street.

士兵們行進(jìn)在街道上。

The soldiers were tired after the long march.

士兵長途行軍后都疲倦了。

march on　　　 繼續(xù)行進(jìn)；向……行進(jìn)(以示抗議)

on the march 在行軍中；在進(jìn)行中

After a short rest they marched on.

休息了一會兒之后，他們繼續(xù)前行。

Science is on the march.

科學(xué)正在發(fā)展中。

[即境活用8]　　完成句子

The soldiers were on the march (在行軍中) from March to May.

1．fight against

(1)與……對抗；與……搏斗

He fought against cancer and lived to be eighty.

他和癌癥抗?fàn)?，并活到?0歲。

(2)與……戰(zhàn)斗

They fought against the enemy fiercely.

他們猛烈地對敵作戰(zhàn)。

fight for　　　　　 為……而斗爭

fight one's way 打開一條道路；奮勇前進(jìn)

They are fighting for liberation.

他們正為解放而奮斗。

[即境活用9]　　完成句子

(1)However we can fight against (與……對抗) this natural process by eating eggs.

(2)The slaves fought for (為了……而戰(zhàn)) the freedom.

2．make up

(1)化裝；上裝

The woman spends an hour making up every morning.

那女人每天早晨花一小時的時間化裝。

(2)編造

I told the kids a story making it up as I went along.

我給孩子們講了一個故事，是現(xiàn)編的。

(3)組成(被動式為be made up of)

We need one more person to make up a team.

我們還需要一個人才能組成一個隊。

(4)占據(jù)

Girls make up 56% of the student number.

女生占學(xué)生人數(shù)的56%。

(5)和好

After a quarrel they made up with each other.

吵過之后，他們相互和好了。

(6)補上(失去的東西)；做出補償(常與for搭配)

He drove faster to make up for lost time.

他加速駕駛以補回?fù)p失的時間。

make out　　　　　 (勉強)認(rèn)出；分辨出

make it 做成；成功；趕得上

make ... into ... 把……做成……

make ... out of ... 把……改制成……

Mother made her coat into my skirt.

母親把她的外套改成裙子給我穿。

I can't make out his writing.

我無法辨認(rèn)出他的筆跡。

[即境活用10]　 完成句子

(1)There was a large audience in the cinema which was made up of(由……組成) very young students.

(2)She is very good at making up (編造) excuses.

(3)You must make up for the loss (彌補損失) for the part of Macbeth.

(4)I never thought Clare would make it (取得成功) as an actress.

1．It seemed like an answer to a prayer!

似乎是祈禱帶來的結(jié)果！

It seemed like ...似乎/好像……

It seemed like a good idea at the time.

當(dāng)時這主意好像不錯。

It seems like years since we last met.

我們似乎好幾年不見了。

seem (to be)＋表語(名詞、形容詞或介詞短語)

seem＋

It seems (to sb.) that ...　看來……

It seems as if/though ... 似乎……

There seems to be ... 似乎有……

It seems as if he has been on the scene of the crime.

看樣子他好像曾在犯罪現(xiàn)場。

There seems to be no need to help her.

似乎沒有必要幫助她。

It seems that he knows everything.

＝He seems to know everything.

他似乎什么都知道。

[即境活用11]　　翻譯句子

(1)她父親看上去是個好人。

It seems that her father is a kind man./Her father seems to be a kind man.

(2)我好像曾經(jīng)見過他。

It_seems_that_I_have_seen_him_before./I_seem_to_have_seen_him_before.

(3)看起來像霧；事實上那是濃煙。

It_seems/seemed_like_fog;_in_fact _it_is/was_heavy_smoke.

2．Serena came home to say that the news that the boycott was over was going to be all over the newspapers tomorrow.

塞麗娜回家說，結(jié)束抵制的消息明天將會登上所有的報紙。

這是一個復(fù)合句，第一個that引導(dǎo)了賓語從句，第二個that引導(dǎo)了同位語從句。

news information belief question fact order hope thought doubt answer idea等后既可以跟定語從句又可以跟同位語從句。這些詞在定語從句中可作主語、賓語或表語。作賓語或表語時，可省略that；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句表明其前名詞的具體內(nèi)容，that不作成分，一般不省略。

The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good.(同位語從句)

我們昨天邀請他這個主意很好。

The idea (that) he thought of is quite good.(定語從句)

他想出的主意不錯。

The news that our team won the match is encouraging.(同位語從句)

我們隊贏得比賽的消息激動人心。

The news we read on the Internet was not true.(定語從句)

我們在網(wǎng)上看到的新聞不是真的。

[即境活用12]　 完成句子

(1)We expressed the hope that_they_would_come_to_China_again (歡迎他們再來中國)．

(2)We expressed the hope (that)_they_had_told_us(他們曾經(jīng)告訴我們的希望)．

Section_Ⅲ

Learning_about_Language

Ⅰ.高頻單詞點擊

1．brief (adj.)簡短的；短暫的→briefly (adv.)簡潔地；短暫地

2．discrimination (n.)歧視→discriminate (v.)歧視

3．commit (vt.)犯罪；做(不合法的或錯的事)

Ⅱ.重點短語必記

1．play a very important role in_(doing) sth.

　　　　　　　　　 在(做)……中起重要作用

2．reach an agreement 達(dá)成協(xié)議

3．succeed in (doing) sth. 成功做了某事

4．be set in 以……為背景

5．deal with 論述；處理

6．speak up 大聲說出來

Ⅲ.常用句型必備

1．Here you can take my copy now_that I've finished with it.

2．He had none today nor_would_he have any the next day.

Ⅳ.單元語法聚焦

The Tenses(時態(tài))

　brief

(1)adj.簡短的；短暫的；簡單的

There is a brief meeting tomorrow.

明天有個短會。

to be brief　　　　　　　　 簡而言之

To be brief we can't accept such terms.

簡單地說，我們不能接受這樣的條件。

(2)n.任務(wù)；摘要

in brief　　　　　　 簡單地說；簡明扼要的

In brief he was careless.

簡單地說，他粗心大意。

briefly adv.　 　短暫地；簡短地

簡而言之

To put it briefly the meeting was a disaster.

簡而言之，那次會議就是一次災(zāi)難。

in brief in short

(1)in brief著重于重點突出，不拖泥帶水。

(2)in short多用來在較長敘述之后長話短說，帶有"綜上所述"的意思。

[即境活用1]　 用brief的短語填空

(1)There is not much time left so I'll tell you about it in_brief.

(2)To_put_it_briefly/Briefly_speaking/To_be_brief _let me tell you what happened.

1．succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事

He succeeded in getting a place at art school.

他被藝術(shù)學(xué)校錄取了。

Rio succeeded in hosting the 2016 Summer Olympics.

里約成功舉辦了2016年夏季奧運會。

succeed

successful adj.　　　 　 　 成功的；有成就的

be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事

success n． [U]成功；[C]成功的人或事

Who will succeed to the estate?

誰將繼承那筆遺產(chǎn)？

Who succeeded Kennedy as President?

接替肯尼迪任總統(tǒng)的是誰？

[即境活用2]　 句型轉(zhuǎn)換

They managed to save the drowning child.

＝They_succeeded_in_saving_the_drowning_child.

＝They were successful in saving the drowning child.

2．be set in以……為背景

The story was set in Shanghai in the 1930s.

這個故事以二十世紀(jì)三十年代的上海為背景。

The film records the life of farmers set in the First World War.

這部電影記錄了以一戰(zhàn)為背景的農(nóng)民的生活。

set about 開始(某工作)；著手做某事(doing sth.)

set off　　　 開始；啟程(for)；爆炸；燃放

set out 出發(fā)上路；開始做(to do sth.)

set up 設(shè)置；建立

set aside 把……放在一邊；擱置；留出

They have set off for Shanghai.

他們已出發(fā)到上海去了。

I set aside my overcoat and took out my summer clothes.

我把大衣放起來，取出了夏天的衣服。

[即境活用3]　　介、副詞填空)

(1)The family have set aside some money for the journey.

(2)The doctors set about saving the injured the moment they arrived.

(3)Don't set off the fireworks in the city.

(4)They set out/off for Tianjin the next day.

(5)A new government was set up after the civil war.

1．Here you can take my copy now_that I've finished with it.

既然我已讀完，你可以拿我這本。

now that由于；既然，表示原因，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，口語中that可以省去。

Now that you have grown up you must stop this childish behavior.

既然你已長大，就不要再有這種孩子氣的行為。

Now that you are an adult you should think about your future carefully.

既然你已是個成年人了，你應(yīng)該仔細(xì)地考慮一下你的將來。

[即境活用4]　　完成句子

Now_that_he_is_so_rude_to_us (既然他這么粗魯?shù)貙ξ覀? I think we have to punish him.

2．He had none today nor_would_he have any the next day.

他今天沒有午餐，接下來的任何一天也不會有。

nor would he ...是nor引起的表示部分倒裝的句子。

否定副詞或含有否定詞的介詞短語置于句首時，主句須用部分倒裝。如：seldom never little hardly not nowhere no sooner in no way by no means等。

Never have I seen such a good film.

我從未看過這么好的電影。

By no means should he be left alone.

他絕不該被單獨留下。

We didn't know the news; nor did we care about it.

我們不知道這一消息，我們也不在乎它。

[即境活用5]　　把下列句子改成倒裝句

(1)You can find such a beautiful place nowhere else.

Nowhere_else_can_you_find such a beautiful place.

(2)He knew little of the matter.

Little_did_he_know of the matter.

(3)I could hardly say anything at that moment.

Hardly_could_I say anything at that moment.

時　態(tài)

一、英語中動詞的時態(tài)一共有16種。現(xiàn)以動詞write為例將英語的16種時態(tài)列表如下：

二、時態(tài)的考查是高考的熱點，高考主要考查8種時態(tài)的形式和用法，詳見下表：

三、與動詞時態(tài)連用的固定句式

1．This/It is the first/second ...time＋that從句。that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，如果把前邊的is改為was，則that從句用過去完成時。

This is the first time I have come here.

這是我第一次來這兒。

It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.

這是他第三次犯同樣的錯誤。

2．It is/has been＋一段時間＋since從句。since從句中一般用過去時，如果將前邊的is改為was，則since從句中用過去完成時。

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.

我們有十年沒有像這樣玩得高興了。

3．be about to do ... when ...意為"即將……(這時)突然……"。

I was about to go out when the telephone rang.

我剛要出去這時電話鈴響了。

4．be (was/were)＋doing ... when ...意為"正在做……(這時)突然……"。

They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.

他們正在閱讀這時湯姆疼得大叫起來。

5．Hardly had ... done ... when ...; No sooner had ... done ... than ...

when和than從句里用一般過去時，表示"剛剛……就……"。

Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.

我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下了。

6．It＋be＋一段時間＋before從句

這個句式分兩種情況：如果主句用將來時，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時，意為多長時間以后即將發(fā)生某事；如果主句用過去時，從句也用過去時，意為多長時間后發(fā)生了某事。

It won't be long before he succeeds.(＝He will succeed soon.)

他不久就會成功。

Section_Ⅳ

Using_Language

Ⅰ.高頻單詞點擊

1．brotherhood (n.)兄弟關(guān)系；手足情誼

2．symphony (n.)交響樂；交響曲

3．Catholic (n.)天主教徒

Ⅱ.重點短語必記

1．live out　　　　　　　 活過；實踐

2．transform into 變成

3．speed up 加速

4．point of view 觀點

5．be convinced of 相信……

6．be accused of 被指控……

7．stand up for 維護；支持

8．draw attention to 注意

Ⅲ.常用句型必備

1．This will be the day this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning "My country sweet land of liberty — to you I sing.Land where my father died from every mountain let freedom ring！"

2．And if America is_to_be a great nation this must become true.

Ⅳ.功能意念項目

1．I'd like to ...　　　　 2.This is ...

3．Good luck. 4.It's wonderful.

5．That sounds fun. 6.I will ...

　brotherhood n．手足情誼；兄弟關(guān)系；宗教組織

Today we live in peace and brotherhood.

今天我們生活在和平互愛中。

Nothing can make him give up the brotherhood between them.

沒有東西能使他放棄他們之間的手足情誼。

brother n．　　　 兄弟；同事；v.以兄弟相稱

brotherly adj. 兄弟般的；親切友好的

He is like a brother to me.

他和我情同手足。

He gave her a brotherly kiss on the cheek.

他像親兄弟一樣吻了她的面頰。

-hood為名詞后綴，意為"……的狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)"

childhood　　　　　　　　 兒童時期

neighbourhood 街區(qū)；鄰近的地方

girlhood 少女時期

boyhood 少年時代

sisterhood 姐妹情誼

[即境活用1]　 用brother brotherly brotherhood填空

(1)The blacks hoped that one day they would be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood with the whites.

(2)This is a brotherly love.

(3)The man under the tree is my elder brother.

1．live out實踐；活過；住在外面

They tried to live out the true meaning of its creed.

他們在努力實踐這信條的真諦。

The patient lived out another fortnight.

病人又活了兩個星期。

Most of the workers of the factory live out.

這家工廠的大部分工人住在外面。

live for　　　　 為……而活著

live up to 真正做到；無愧于；不辜負(fù)

live with 與……住在一起；與……共同生活；忍受

live by　　　　 以……為生；依靠……為生

live on 靠……生活；以……為主食

live/lead a happy life 過幸福的生活

live through 經(jīng)歷；活過

He lived for adventure.

他平生喜歡冒險。

We will live up to what our parents expect of us.

我們決不辜負(fù)父母對我們的期望。

You have to learn to live with stress.

你必須學(xué)會忍受壓力。

live by live on

(1)live by表示"通過……手段取得收入；把……作為生計"，介詞by表示方式，后接常與職業(yè)有關(guān)的名詞或動名詞。

(2)live on表示"以……為主食；靠……過活"，介詞on表示依賴、依靠某人、某物過活，常與食物有關(guān)的名詞搭配。

He lived by begging instead of on government welfare.

他以乞討為生而不是靠政府的救濟金生活。

[即境活用2]　 完成句子

(1)He has lived_through (經(jīng)歷過) two big earthquakes.

(2)His work lives_up_to (配得上) his reputation.

(3)Now more and more college students want to live_out (住在外面)．

(4)You can't live_on (靠……生活)forty pounds a week.

(5)Since then the woman has_lived_a_peaceful_life (過著寧靜的生活)．

2．stand up for維護；支持

You must stand up for your rights.

你必須維護你自己的權(quán)利。

We have to stand up for him though we don't like him.　

我們雖然不喜歡他，但必須支持他。

stand for　　　　 代表；象征；主張

stand by 袖手旁觀；站在……的一邊

stand out 突出；杰出

GNP stands for gross national product.

GNP代表國民生產(chǎn)總值。

Don't just stand by.Do something.

不要袖手旁觀，做些事情吧。

The hat stood out because of its strange shape.

那頂帽子因造型奇特而引人注目。

[即境活用3]　 翻譯句子

(1)請記住，無論發(fā)生什么，我都會擁護你。

Please_remember_I_will_stand_by/up_for_you_whatever_happens.

(2)橄欖枝象征著和平。

The_olive_branch_stands_for_peace.

1．...this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning "My country sweet land of liberty — to you I sing.Land where my father died from every mountain let freedom ring！"

在這一天里所有上帝的子女將能夠以全新的意義歌唱"我的祖國，甜蜜的自由之邦——為了你，我歌唱。我父親長眠的土地，從每座山上，讓自由回蕩！"

句中when和where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，分別指代其前的先行詞the day land，在從句中都作狀語。

People will never forget the day when the earthquake took place.

人們永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記那場地震發(fā)生的日子。

This building is the Bird's Nest where Beijing Olympic Games were held.

這個建筑就是鳥巢，北京奧運會就是在那里舉辦的。

when和where都可以引導(dǎo)定語從句或狀語從句。都在從句中作狀語。

在定語從句中，when和where相當(dāng)于"介詞＋which"，并且前面有表時間或地點的先行詞構(gòu)成"時間＋when＋從句"或"地點＋where＋從句"的結(jié)構(gòu)。在狀語從句中，when和where不等于"介詞＋which"，從句可以放在主句前也可以放在主句后。試比較：

[即境活用4]　 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空

(1)Peter was going out for a walk when the telephone rang.

(2)If you are traveling where the customs are really foreign to your own please do as the Romans do.

(3)He was born in the year when/in_which the Anti-Japanese War broke out.

2．And if America is_to_be a great nation this must become true.

如果美國要成為一個偉大的國家，這必須成為現(xiàn)實。

be to do

(1)用于條件句中，意為"如果想……；設(shè)想"。

If we are to be there on time we'll have to hurry up.

如果我們想準(zhǔn)時到那兒，那就得快點。

(2)表示計劃、安排、不可避免將要發(fā)生的事。

I am to see him at six o'clock.

我打算6點去看他。

Not a cloud was to be seen.

一絲云彩也見不到。

(3)表"應(yīng)該；必須"，含有命令的意味。

You are to report to the police.

你應(yīng)該報警。

(4)表示命運，即命中注定要發(fā)生的事。

They said good-bye little knowing that they were never to meet again.

他們告了別，不知道以后再也不會見面了。

[即境活用5]　 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

(1)In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they are to_survive (survive)．

(2)The letter is to_be_handed (hand) to him in person. Hurry!

演 講 稿

【寫作任務(wù)】

假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會主席李華。學(xué)生會將舉辦每年一度的英語演講比賽，本年度的主題為"The English Novel I Like Best"。作為組織者，你將在演講比賽開幕時發(fā)言，請你根據(jù)以下提示用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

1．說明比賽的意義，如提高英語聽說能力，養(yǎng)成讀書的習(xí)慣等；

2．說明比賽的注意事項，如每人演講不超過5分鐘，語言流利，發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確等；

3．預(yù)祝比賽圓滿成功。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2．可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3．發(fā)言稿的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen，

Welcome to this year's English speech competition._______________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Thank you!

【范文在線】

Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen，

Welcome to this year's English speech competition.Taking part in English speech competition is a helpful way to learn English.While we fully prepare for the competition we can improve our abilities of listening and speaking and develop a good habit of reading English.In the process of the competition you should pay special attention to the following rules.First you should finish your speech in five minutes.Second try your best to express yourself in English fluently.Finally you should have a good English pronunciation.

I hope that the English speech competition will be a great success!

Thank you!

【靚點點擊】

這是一篇很實用的演講稿，主要包含了以下要點：比賽的意義，比賽的注意事項，預(yù)祝比賽圓滿成功。作者在行文中也使用了部分高級詞匯與句式：develop a good habit of doing ...; take part in; pay attention to等。

演講稿一般由開頭、主體和結(jié)尾三部分構(gòu)成。

1．演講稿的開頭主要有如下幾種方法：

(1)開門見山，亮出主旨。

這種開頭不繞彎子，直奔主題，開宗明義地提出自己的觀點。

(2)敘述事實，交代背景。

開頭向聽眾報告一些新發(fā)生的事實，比較容易引起人們的注意，吸引聽眾傾聽。

(3)提出問題，發(fā)人深思

通過提問，引導(dǎo)聽眾思考一個問題，并由此造成一個懸念，引起聽眾欲知答案的期待。

(4)引用警句，引出下文

引用內(nèi)涵深刻、發(fā)人深省的警句，引出下面的內(nèi)容來。

2．演講稿的主體要層層展開，一步步說服聽眾。主體部分展開的方式有以下兩種：

(1)并列式。

并列式就是圍繞演講稿的中心論點，從不同角度、不同側(cè)面進(jìn)行表現(xiàn)，其結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)呈放射狀四面展開。

(2)遞進(jìn)式。

即從表面、淺層入手，步步深入、層層推進(jìn)，最終揭示主題。

3．演講稿的結(jié)尾要干脆利落，簡潔有力。

演講稿的結(jié)尾是主體內(nèi)容發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。結(jié)尾或歸納、或升華、或希望、或號召，方式很多。好的結(jié)尾應(yīng)收攏全篇，卒章顯志，干脆利落，簡潔有力，切忌畫蛇添足，節(jié)外生枝。

假設(shè)有一批英國中學(xué)生將來你校就讀，校方要求你在開班典禮上介紹一下學(xué)校的有關(guān)要求。請按以下要點寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

1．上學(xué)要穿戴整潔。

2．上課不遲到、早退。

3．保持校園整潔。

4．走路靠右行；若要騎車上學(xué)，請辦自行車許可證。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3．開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Good morning dear friends.Welcome to our school. ______________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Thanks.

參考范文：

Good morning dear friends.Welcome to our school.

Now please allow me to introduce you some of our school rules here.As high school students firstly we are expected to be neatly dressed when at school.Secondly it must be made clear that we should never be late for class or leave school before it is over.The school is a place for us to live and study in so we must keep it clean.Lastly when you are walking on the road please remember to keep to the right and if you want to go to school by bike you must have a bicycle-permit.

Thanks.